What Are Modules In Python?

In Python, a module is a file containing Python definitions and statements that can be imported and used in other Python code. Modules help to organize code and make it more reusable.

A module can contain variables, functions, classes, or other modules. The file name of the module should have a .py extension.

To use a module in your Python code, you can import it using the import statement followed by the name of the module. For example, to import a module called mymodule, you would write:

Once a module is imported, you can access its variables, functions, and classes using the dot notation. For example, to call a function called my_function defined in the mymodule module, you would write:

You can also use an alias for a module name by using the as keyword. For example, to import the mymodule module and give it an alias of mm, you would write:

Now you can use the mm alias to access the variables, functions, and classes in the mymodule module.

In addition to the import statement, there are other ways to import specific objects from a module. Here are some examples:

This imports only the my_function function from the mymodule module, so you can call it directly without using the module name:

You can also import all objects from a module using the * wildcard:

This imports all variables, functions, and classes defined in the mymodule module, so you can use them directly without using the module name. However, this is generally not recommended, as it can lead to naming conflicts and make your code harder to read and understand.

Python comes with many built-in modules that provide useful functionality, such as math for mathematical functions, os for operating system functions, datetime for working with dates and times, and random for generating random numbers. You can also install and use third-party modules using a package manager such as pip.